Having a hypoxic microenvironment is a common and salient feature of most solid tumors.
Hypoxia has a profound effect on the biological behavior and malignant phenotype of …

RNA modifications have become hot topics recently. By influencing RNA processes,
including generation, transportation, function, and metabolization, they act as critical …

Natural killer (NK) cells play indispensable roles in innate immune responses against tumor
progression. To depict their phenotypic and functional diversities in the tumor …

Eosinophils are important effector cells and therapeutic targets in allergic diseases.
Emerging data indicate that eosinophils infiltrate a variety of solid tumor types and have …

Immunotherapies targeting conventional T cells have revolutionized systemic treatment for
many cancers, yet only a subset of patients benefit from these approaches. A better …

Kupffer cells, the liver tissue resident macrophages, are critical in the detection and
clearance of cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying their detection …

Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes that accumulate within the tumor
microenvironment and are generally considered to be antitumorigenic. Using single-cell …

T cell–directed cancer immunotherapy often fails to generate lasting tumor control.
Harnessing additional effectors of the immune response against tumors may strengthen the …

The gastrointestinal tract is home to the largest microbial population in the human body. The
gut microbiota plays significant roles in the development of the gut immune system and has …

The ability of vertebrates to 'remember'previous infections had once been attributed
exclusively to adaptive immunity. We now appreciate that innate lymphocytes also possess …