Interventions to address the US opioid crisis primarily target opioid use, misuse, and
addiction, but because the opioid crisis includes multiple substances, the opioid specificity of …

Background. Drug overdose is an important, yet an inadequately understood, public health
problem. Global attention to unintentional drug overdose has been limited by comparison …

Background: Opioid use, abuse, and adverse consequences, including death, have
escalated at an alarming rate since the 1990s. In an attempt to control opioid abuse …

Background: Long-term opioid therapy for chronic noncancer pain is becoming increasingly
common in community practice. Concomitant with this change in practice, rates of fatal …

Alcohol use is common among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In
this narrative review, we describe literature regarding alcohol's impact on transmission, care …

We review evidence of determinants contributing to increased opioid-related mortality in the
United States and Canada between 1990 and 2013. We identified 17 determinants of opioid …

The historical patterns of opiate use show that sources and methods of access greatly
influence who is at risk. Today, there is evidence that an enormous increase in the …

Objective. The abuse of prescription drugs has increased dramatically since 1990. Persons
who overdose on such drugs frequently consume large doses and visit multiple providers …

Opioid overdose and mortality have increased at an alarming rate prompting new public
health initiatives to reduce drug poisoning. One initiative is to expand access to the opioid …

Community-based overdose prevention programs first emerged in the 1990's and are now
the leading public health intervention for overdose. Key elements of these programs are …