Pharmaceutical opioids are intravenously or orally administered analgesics. While they are
effective in relieving chronic and acute pain, their narrow window of therapeutic use …

Although severe abdominal pain is the main symptom of acute pancreatitis, its mechanisms
are poorly understood. An emerging body of literature evidence indicates that neurogenic …

Symptomatic inflammatory conditions of the prostate are quite common, accounting for about
2 million outpatient visits annually in the United States.[1] These visits are evenly split …

Abstract Purpose of Review The present investigation evaluated integration of novel
medication technology to enhance treatment options, while improving patient outcomes in …

Recent research and therapeutic outlooks examine the impact of neuroplasticity on the
progression and management of chronic pain syndrome. Aims: To review neurobiological …

Pain-insomnia-depression syndrome (PIDS) is a complex triad of chronic pain, insomnia,
and depression that has profound effects on an individual's quality of life and mental health …

Limitations of pharmaceutical drugs and biologics for chronic diseases (eg, medication non-
adherence, adverse effects, toxicity, or inadequate efficacy) can be mitigated by mobile …

Fibromyalgia is a complex and often misunderstood chronic pain disorder. It is characterized
by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, and heightened sensitivity, and has evolved in …

Known as the degenerative disease of the knee with the highest prevalence, knee
osteoarthritis (KOA) is characterized by a gradual destructive mechanism that, in severe …

Chronic stress and chronic pain share neuro-anatomical, endocrinological, and biological
features. However, stress prepares the body for challenging situations or mitigates tissue …