Methods Vitreous samples from 21 patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), 21
patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and 21 nondiabetic patients with …

Diabetes is a growing health epidemic in the United States. Racial and ethnic minorities are
disproportionately affected by diabetes and associated comorbidities and complications …

Background Currently, microalbuminuria is the gold standard for detection and prediction of
diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, microalbuminuria appears once significant kidney …

Background Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) carries a long-term burden of increased
microvascular complications in the form of nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. As the …

Hypoadiponectinemia is associated with renal dysfunctions. Irbesartan and pioglitazone
activate Peroxisome proliferator-activated gamma receptor (PPAR-γ) as partial and full …

Background: Diabetic nephropathy is the major cause of end-stage kidney disease in
patients with diabetes mellitus. Objective: To identify risk factors for occurrence of Diabetic …

Aims: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of retinopathy prevalence in
patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in 22 Arab countries. Methods: We systematically …

Background: Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases marked by hyperglycemia caused
by insulin secretion, action, or both. Diabetes chronic hyperglycemia is associated with long …

Iraqi JMS Page 1 88 Risk Factors of Diabetic Nephropathy Among A Group of Iraqi Children
with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Mohammed S. Hammoud1 MSc, Faris AF Alawsi2 FICMS (Ped) …

Objective: Adiponectin receptors (AdipoR) regulates metabolism and has anti-inflammatory
and insulin-sensitizing effects. We aimed to determine the relationships between AdipoR …