Estrogen binds to nuclear estrogen receptors (ERs) to modulate transcription of target genes
in estrogen-responsive cells. However, recent studies have shown that estrogen also binds …

Both estrogen (E2) and EGF regulate lactotrophs, and we recently demonstrated that EGF
phosphorylates S118 on estrogen receptor-α (ERα) and requires ERα to stimulate prolactin …

Estrogens stimulate cell proliferation in typical estrogen-responsive tissues including the
anterior pituitary gland. Here we report that 17-β estradiol (E2) has estrogen receptor …

The estrogen receptor (ER) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that enhances gene
expression by binding to specific regulatory DNA sequences called estrogen response …

Ovarian steroids control a variety of physiological functions. They exert actions through
classical nuclear steroid receptors, but rapid non-genomic actions through specific …

Although the rat uterus has often been used as a model to study estrogen action, relatively
little is known of the mechanism (s) by which estrogen regulates uterine progesterone …

Background Estradiol (E 2) mediates various intracellular signaling cascades from the
plasma membrane via several estrogen receptors (ERs). The pituitary is an estrogen …

Estrogen is an important modulator of reproductive activity through nuclear receptors and G
protein–coupled estrogen receptor (GPER). Here, we observed that both estradiol and the …

Anti-estrogens act by inhibiting estrogen receptor (ER) function. Unlike raloxifene and
tamoxifen which exhibit both antagonist and agonist properties, ICI 182,780 (ICI) is …

The signaling mechanisms of estrogens interact with those of growth factors to control the
pituitary gland functions. The contribution of the membrane bound estrogen receptor in …