Interventions to address the US opioid crisis primarily target opioid use, misuse, and
addiction, but because the opioid crisis includes multiple substances, the opioid specificity of …

Objectives. To understand important changes in co-occurring opioid and nonopioid drug use
(ie, polysubstance use) within the opioid epidemic in the United States. Methods. We …

Importance Health profiles and patterns of involvement in the criminal justice system among
people with various levels of opioid use are poorly defined. Data are needed to inform a …

From 1999 onwards, overdose deaths due to prescription opioids rose incrementally and
consistently outpaced annual heroin death rates. Heroin overdose deaths remained …

Background/aims: Recent supply-side efforts enacted to curb the opioid epidemic have had
both positive (ie, prescription opioid abuse is on the decline) and negative outcomes (ie …

A rise in addiction and overdose deaths involving opioids in the United States has spurred a
series of initiatives focused on reducing opioid risks, including several related to prescription …

Importance More than 42 000 Americans died of opioid overdoses in 2016, and the fatalities
continue to increase. This review analyzes the factors that triggered the opioid crisis and its …

Drug overdose is now the leading cause of injury death in the United States. Most overdose
fatalities involve opioids, which include prescription medication, heroin, and illicit fentanyl …

The widespread abuse of prescription opioids and a dramatic increase in the availability of
illicit opioids have created what is commonly referred to as the opioid epidemic. The …

Background These studies were carried out to examine whether the onset and progression
of an opioid substance use disorder (SUD) differed in those who first used opioids to get …