The link between estrogen and the development and proliferation of breast cancer is well
documented. Estrogen stimulates growth and inhibits apoptosis through estrogen receptor …

Estrogen as a mitogen stimulates cell proliferation and prevents cell death in many cell
types. In patients, estrogen is known to stimulate breast and uterus cancer development …

Introduction Estrogen deprivation using aromatase inhibitors is one of the standard
treatments for postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer …

Antiestrogens have been the therapeutic agents of choice for breast cancer patients whose
tumors express estrogen receptors, regardless of menopausal status. Unfortunately, many …

Background: We previously developed an estrogen receptor (ER)–positive breast cancer
cell line (MCF-7: 5C) that is resistant to long-term estrogen deprivation and undergoes rapid …

The successful use of high dose synthetic estrogens to treat post-menopausal metastatic
breast cancer, is the first effective “chemical therapy” proven in clinical trial to treat any …

Few studies have referred to the implication of apoptotic processes following hormonal
treatment. No data are available on the effects of progesterone in breast cells. In order to …

Chemotherapy or irradiation treatment induces breast cancer cell apoptosis, but this can be
limited by estradiol (E2) through unknown mechanisms. To investigate this, we subjected …

Background: High doses of estrogen can promote tumor regression in postmenopausal
women with hormone-dependent breast cancer, but the mechanism is unknown. We …

Tamoxifen (Tam) is widely used in chemotherapy of breast cancer. It inhibits proliferation
and induces apoptosis of breast cancer cells by estrogen receptor (ER)-dependent …