The present article provides a historical review of the place and response learning plus-
maze tasks with a focus on the behavioral and neurobiological findings. The article begins …

Neurobiological and behavioral research indicates that place learning and response
learning occur simultaneously, in parallel. Such findings seem to conflict with theories of …

We investigated individual differences in the stimulus control of navigational behavior in the
water maze by comparing measures of place learning in one environment to measures of …

Learning and remembering the location of food resources, predators, escape routes, and
immediate kin is perhaps the most essential form of higher cognitive processing in …

A considerable amount of research has demonstrated that animals can use different
strategies when learning about, and navigating within, their environment. Since the …

Studies employing brain lesion or intracerebral drug infusions in rats have demonstrated a
double dissociation between the roles of the hippocampus and dorsolateral striatum in place …

The question examined in this study is concerned with a possible functional dissociation
between the hippocampal formation and the prefrontal cortex in spatial navigation. Wistar …

Recent research has found that patterns of brain activation involving the frontal cortex during
novel task performance change dramatically following practice and repeat performance …

The study of spatial memory is innate to contemporary cognitive psychology. Historical
routes from psychology's origins to today's study of spatial cognition are marked with familiar …

The Morris water maze and the object displacement task are two popular tools used to
investigate spatial learning and memory. Research has focused mainly on the acquisition of …