Background Antenatal fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring is currently limited by hospital-based
accessibility as well as the availability of relevant equipment and expertise required to …

Introduction Fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring is a vital aspect of fetal well-being
assessment, and the current method of computerised cardiotocography (cCTG) is limited to …

Introduction Non‐invasive fetal electrocardiography (NIFECG) has potential benefits over
the computerized cardiotocography (cCTG) that may permit its development in remote fetal …

Background Non-invasive fetal electrocardiogram (NIFECG) is an evolving technology in
fetal surveillance which is attracting increasing research interest. There is however, only …

Introduction Continuous fetal monitoring is used to objectively record the fetal heart rate and
fetal activity over an extended period of time; however, its feasibility and acceptability to …

OBJECTIVE: The fetal electrocardiogram system for electronic fetal monitoring (EFM)(STAN
S21, Neoventa Medical, Moelndal, Sweden) has led to improved perinatal outcomes in other …

Cardiac rhythm is an essential component of fetal cardiac evaluation. The Monica AN24 is a
fetal heart rate monitor that may provide a quick, inexpensive modality for obtaining a …

Objective The objective of the study was to compare interpretability of 2 intrapartum
abdominal fetal heart rate–monitoring strategies. We hypothesized that an external fetal …

Background Antepartum fetal monitoring aims to assess fetal development and wellbeing
throughout pregnancy. Current methods utilised in clinical practice are intermittent and only …

Intermittent auscultation (IA) has been reported as equivalent to electronic fetal monitoring
(EFM) as a fetal surveillance method in terms of neonatal outcomes based on randomized …