Population pharmacokinetic models are used to describe the time course of drug exposure
in patients and to investigate sources of variability in patient exposure. They can be used to …

Population pharmacodynamic (PD) models describe the time course of drug effects, relating
exposure to response, and providing a more robust understanding of drug action than single …

Physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models represent drug kinetics in one or
more 'real'organs (and hence require submodels of organs/tissues) and they describe …

Abstract Provisional Advisory Levels (PALs) are tiered exposure limits for toxic chemicals in
air and drinking water that are developed to assist in emergency responses. Physiologically …

Pharmacokinetics and Toxicokinetics provides an overview of pharmacokinetics and
toxicokinetics in a comprehensible, interrelated, and applied manner. It integrates the …

Abstract What We Already Know about This Topic Recirculatory pharmacokinetic models
describe intravascular mixing by incorporating cardiac output and its distribution to …

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models can over-predict maximum plasma
concentrations (C max) following intravenous administration. A proposed explanation is that …

Cardiac output (CO) is expected to affect elimination and distribution of highly extracted and
perfusion rate-limited drugs. This work was undertaken to quantify the effect of CO measured …

Aims: Fentanyl is a potent opioid analgesic used within the hospital setting for the
management of acute pain within children following surgical procedures. The dosing of …

The ultimate goal in drug delivery research is to deliver the optimal amount of drug to the site
of drug action, such that a given patient has the optimal balance of therapeutic benefit and …