Cine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is a new, rapid MR pulse sequence that acquires
up to 32 images per cardiac cycle at up to four levels of the heart within 4 minutes. In this …

Preoperative cardiac catheterization of patients with valvular heart disease is the currently
accepted standard method to confirm the diagnosis, exclude other significant valve lesions …

Heart surgery is a development of the 20th century. Until then, mainly in situations of
penetrating cardiac trauma, attempts to operate on the heart were made but with only rare …

Doppler ultrasound has rapidly become a valuable tool in the noninvasive investigation of
cardiac hemodynamics. Although based on secure principles, accurate application of this …

During the past decade Doppler echocardiography has evolved to an extent that it has
become a major noninvasive tool for cardiac evaluation in both acquired and congenital …

The reported increase in incidence of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is probably the result of
enhanced physician awareness. Recent data from the US National Center for Health …

Doppler echocardiographic techniques are particularly useful in evaluating valvular
regurgitation. For this application, Doppler echocardiography provides information that …