Summary p21ras is a small GTPase that functions as a molecular switch in signal
transduction from activated receptor tyrosine kinases to cellular targets. Recently, progress …

Ras proteins function as critical relay switches that regulate diverse signaling pathways
between cell surface receptors and the nucleus. Over the past 2‐3 years researchers have …

TYROSINE kinase receptors stimulate the Ras signalling pathway by enhancing the activity
of the SOS nucleotide-exchange factor1. This occurs, at least in part, by the recruitment of an …

C3G, which was identified as a Crk SH3 domain-binding guanine nucleotide-releasing
factor, shows sequence similarity to CDC25 and Sos family proteins (S. Tanaka, T. Morishita …

Abstract INOSITOL 1, 3, 4, 5-tetrakisphosphate (Ins (l, 3, 4, 5) P4) is produced rapidly from
inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate (Ins (l, 4, 5) P3) in stimulated cells1, 2. Despite extensive …

Insulin stimulation of differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes or Chinese hamster ovary cells
expressing high levels of the insulin receptor resulted in a time-dependent decrease in the …

Abbreviations: EGF, epidermal growth factor; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; GAP, guanosine
triphosphatase-activating protein; GDP, guanosine diphosphate; GEF, guanine-nucleotide …

The X-ray structures of the 1: 1 complexes formed between p21H-ras (residues 1 to 166)
and the nucleotidesP3-1-(2-nitrophenyl) ethyl guanosine triphosphate (“caged GTP”; pure R …

R-Ras, belonging to the Ras small GTP-binding protein superfamily, has been implicated in
regulation of various cell functions such as gene expression, cell proliferation, and apoptotic …

The three members of the human ras family of proto-oncogenes (H-ras, K-ras, and N-ras)
encode highly related, low-mol-wt (21 kDa), guanine nucleotide (GDP and GTP) binding …