Apoptosis is essential for the precise regulation of cellular homeostasis and development.
The role in vivo of Apaf1, a mammalian homolog of C. elegans CED-4, was investigated in …

Linker or adapter proteins provide mechanisms by which receptors can amplify and regulate
downstream effector proteins. We describe here the identification of a novel B cell linker …

Nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) is a critical regulator of early gene transcription in
response to TCR-mediated signals. Here, we show that mice lacking both NFATp and …

The cytokines IL-4 and IL-5 are often coordinately produced by Th2 cells as in asthma.
However, it is unclear whether similar molecular mechanisms underlie transcription of the …

To study the in vivo role of IL-4-expressing cells, we developed a strategy to tag these cells,
by generating mice in which one IL-4 allele was replaced with a cDNA encoding the human …

An important signaling pathway for the differentiation of T helper type 2 (TH2) cells from
uncommitted CD4 T cell precursors is activation of the STAT6 transcription factor by …

Nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) plays an important role in expression of many
cytokine genes including interleukin-2 and interleukin-4. However, its role in interferon-γ …

Certain sequences of nucleotides (CpG motifs) in bacterial DNA or synthetic
oligonucleotides (CpG DNA) promote the production of proinflammatory cytokines, including …

The structures of the NFAT1–Fos–Jun–ARRE2 and MATα2–MCM1–STE6 transcription
regulatory complexes reveal changes in protein conformation and DNA bending. Studies of …

Abstract NFATp and NFATc are the most prominent nuclear NFAT transcription factors in
peripheral T lymphocytes. After T cell activation both factors bind to and control the …