Systemic or interoceptive stressors, 28 in the context of the four chronic gastrointestinal
disorders listed above, can occur in the form of mucosal inflammation (IBD, PUD) or tissue …

This chapter will begin by briefly placing modem acupuncture in an historical context. This
will lead, in the following section, to a discussion of some technical difficulties and limitations …

It is well documented that the descending endogenous analgesia system, including the
periaqueductal gray (PAG) and the rostral ventral medulla (RVM), play an important role in …

Recent animal studies using stress-induced analgesia have suggested a general age-
related decline in endogenous pain inhibitory systems. The aim of the current study was to …

The involvement of az-adrenoceptors in the antinociception induced by the tricyclic
antidepressants amitriptyline and imipramine was investigated in mice by using the hot-plate …

The ventrolateral portion of the periaqueductal gray (PAG) is one brain region in which
ligands of the μ‐opioid receptor (MOR) produce analgesia. In the PAG, MOR ligands are …

Objective: This study was undertaken to examine the relation between muscular tenderness
measured as pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) and electromyographic (EMG) signs of fatigue …

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the analgesic potential of sustained-
release (SR) bupropion for neuropathic pain. Design: Open-label treatment design. Setting …

In the author's clinical experience, concurrent treatment with DL-phenylalanine (DLPA) often
appears to potentiate pain relief and also ease depression in patients receiving opiates for …

Throughout the history of medicine, headache pain has afflicted human beings. People have
sought relief from the physician, medicine man, shaman and others who use complementary …