Studies of human addicts and behavioural studies in rodent models of addiction indicate that
key behavioural abnormalities associated with addiction are extremely long lived. So …

The question of addiction concerns the process by which drug‐taking behavior, in certain
individuals, evolves into compulsive patterns of drug‐seeking and drug‐taking behavior that …

People take addictive drugs to elevate mood, but with repeated use these drugs produce
serious unwanted effects, which can include tolerance to some drug effects, sensitization to …

A compelling model of experience-dependent plasticity is the long-lasting sensitization to
the locomotor stimulatory effects of drugs of abuse. Adaptations in the nucleus accumbens …

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) has long been known to be involved in the mediation of complex
behavioral responses. Considerable research efforts are directed towards refining the …

We studied the influence of cocaine use on the structure of neurons in brain regions that
contribute to its rewarding effects by allowing rats to self‐administer cocaine (0.33 …

Addiction can be viewed as a form of drug-induced neural plasticity. One of the best
established molecular mechanisms of addiction is the upregulation of the cAMP second …

Drugs of abuse cause long-lasting neural changes in the brain that underpin the behavioral
abnormalities associated with drug addiction. Clues to the nature and site of these neural …

Bcl‐2, an inner mitochondrial membrane protein, inhibits apoptotic neuronal cell death.
Expression of Bcl‐2 inhibits cell death by decreasing the net cellular generation of reactive …

This study investigated the effects of repeated administrations of nicotine (0.7 mg/kg) on
dendritic morphology in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), prefrontal cortex (Cg 3), and …