Links between human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and cervical cancer were first suspected
almost 30 years ago. DNA of specific HPV types has since been found in almost all cervical …

The causal role of human papillomavirus infections in cervical cancer has been documented
beyond reasonable doubt. The association is present in virtually all cervical cancer cases …

Worldwide about 350 million people are chronic carriers of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). The
infection can cause acute and chronic liver disease including cirrhosis and hepatocellular …

The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma is increasing in many countries. The estimated
number of new cases annually is over 500,000, and the yearly incidence comprises …

Background Neither previous hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection nor vaccination with HCV-
derived antigens protects against reinfection. However, HCV infection and vaccination in …

Histochemistry deals with the activities of chemical components in cells, and
immunohistochemistry addresses the function of cell types in tissue or organs, such as those …

Because of its high incidence in many of the most populous countries in the world, its often
fulminant course, poor response to conservative treatment, low resectabilty rate when …

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common internal malignancies
worldwide. Until recently, it has occurred relatively rarely in the West. Now, however, it …

Aflatoxins and hepatitis B virus (HBV) are major risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma
(HCC) in South‐east Asia and Africa, parts of the world where this cancer is most prevalent …

Immunotherapy is playing an increasing role in the treatment of many cancers. The recent
advances in antibody therapy gives much optimism that both passive (antibody therapy) as …