The ability of naive T cells to clonally expand and acquire effector functions depends on the
strength of signals received by the T-cell receptor (TCR) and by an array of co-stimulatory …

Abstract Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is crucial for the differentiation of naive T helper (TH) cells into
the TH2 effector cells that promote humoral (antibody) immunity and provide protection …

WSX-1 is a class I cytokine receptor with homology to the IL-12 receptors and is essential for
resistance to Leishmania major infection. In the present study, we demonstrated that WSX-1 …

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β inhibits T cell proliferation and differentiation. TGF-β has
been shown to inhibit the expression of transcription factors such as GATA-3 and T-bet that …

GATA-3 plays a central role in regulating Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation. Upon interleukin
(IL)-4 binding to its receptor, GATA-3 is induced through the action of Stat6. GATA-3 …

Helper T (Th) cell differentiation is accompanied by complex transcriptional changes.
Although costimulatory receptors are important in Th differentiation, the underlying …

A member of the neurotrophin family, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) regulates
neuronal survival and differentiation during development. Within the adult brain, BDNF is …

The calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) signaling pathway is best known
for its role in T lymphocyte activation. However, it has become increasingly apparent that this …

We have developed a general method of making conditional alleles that allows the rapid
and reversible regulation of specific proteins. A mouse line was produced in which proteins …

Signaling pathways involved in regulating T cell proliferation and survival are not well
understood. Here we have investigated a possible role of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway …