Bone marrow (BM) contains hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which differentiate into every
type of mature blood cell; endothelial cell progenitors; and marrow stromal cells, also called …

It is now clear that cytokines function as powerful regulators of glial cell function in the
central nervous system (CNS), either inhibiting or promoting their contribution to CNS …

Resident microglia and hematogenous macrophages play crucial roles in the pathogenetic
cascade following cerebral ischemia but may functionally differ regarding neuroprotective …

Background—Estrogens improve endothelial function and accelerate reendothelialization
after vascular injury via largely unknown mechanisms. Bone marrow–derived endothelial …

We here report that voluntary wheel running led to a regional increase in the number of
newly generated cortical microglia. We asked how adult cortical cell genesis would respond …

Whereas local microglial cells of the CNS rapidly respond to injury, little is known about the
functional role of resident macrophages of the peripheral nervous system in nerve …

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) maintain hematopoiesis by giving rise to all types of blood
cells. Recent reports suggest that HSCs also possess the potential to generate …

Transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) has been regarded as a potential
approach for promoting nerve regeneration. In the present study, we investigated the …

Brain ischemia induces a marked response of resident microglia and hematopoietic cells
including monocytes/macrophages. The present study was designed to assess the …

Cytogenesis in the adult brain can result from the recruitment of circulating precursors, but
the proposal that some such cells transdifferentiate into neural elements is controversial. We …