Climate change will likely alter the distribution and abundance of northern mammals through
a combination of direct, abiotic effects (eg, changes in temperature and precipitation) and …

Climate change and habitat fragmentation are considered key pressures on biodiversity. In
this paper we explore the potential synergetic effects between these factors. We argue that …

The precise response of a population at its distributional edge to the limiting extrinsic factor
should be mediated by the demography of the species. We applied this principle to …

In recent years, the notion of downward or'back-handed'causation has become increasingly
important in the natural sciences, especially in biology. It is equally important in religions …

Winter survival for many mammals involves hibernation. By strongly suppressing metabolic
rate, animals conserve energy and endure long months of subzero environmental …

Behavioral Responses of Bats to Cave and Mine Gates Page 1 Behavioral Responses of Bats to
Cave and Mine Gates Genevieve R. Spanjer, BS A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate …