The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an evolutionarily conserved sensor of cellular
energy status, and recent data demonstrate that it also plays a critical role in systemic …

The alterations in myocardial energy substrate metabolism that occur in heart failure, and
the causes and consequences of these abnormalities, are poorly understood. There is …

Obesity-related disorders are associated with the development of ischemic heart disease.
Adiponectin is a circulating adipose-derived cytokine that is downregulated in obese …

Endocannabinoids and ghrelin are potent appetite stimulators and are known to interact at a
hypothalamic level. However, both also have important peripheral actions, including …

Oxygen deprivation leads to the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic
reticulum (ER), causing ER stress. Under conditions of ER stress, inhibition of protein …

5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-4-ribofuranoside (AICAR) is widely used as an AMP-
kinase activator, which regulates energy homeostasis and response to metabolic stress …

Objective: Insulin resistance (IR) was reported to be associated with chronic heart failure
(CHF). Adiponectin, an insulin-sensitizing hormone with anti-inflammatory activity, improves …

The metabolic phenotype of hearts has been investigated using rodent models of type 2
diabetes which exhibit obesity and insulin resistance: db/db and ob/ob mice, and Zucker …

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) promotes glucose transport, maintains ATP stores,
and prevents injury and apoptosis during ischemia. AMPK has several direct molecular …

Doxorubicin (DXR) is a widely used and efficient anticancer drug. However, its application is
limited by the risk of severe cardiotoxicity. Impairment of cardiac high-energy phosphate …