A relatively small group of hyperaccumulator plants is capable of sequestering heavy metals
in their shoot tissues at high concentrations. In recent years, major scientific progress has …

More than 200 genes annotated as Na+/H+ hydrogen exchangers (NHEs) currently reside in
bioinformation databases such as GenBank and Pfam. We performed detailed phylogenetic …

Potassium is an important macronutrient and the most abundant cation in plants. Because
soil mineral conditions can vary, plants must be able to adjust to different nutrient …

Calmodulin CaM is a ubiquitous Ca2+ sensor protein (16 to 18 kD) with no catalytic activity
that can, upon binding Ca2+, activate target proteins involved in various cellular processes …

Abstract Glutathione (γ-glu-cys-gly; GSH) is usually present at high concentrations in most
living cells, being the major reservoir of non-protein reduced sulfur. Because of its unique …

Manganese (Mn) is an essential metal nutrient for plants. Recently, some of the genes
responsible for transition metal transport in plants have been identified; however, only …

Zinc (Zn) is an essential element for the normal growth of plants but information is scarce on
the mechanisms whereby Zn is transported in rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants. Four distinct …

A unique family of protein kinases has evolved with regulatory domains containing
sequences that are related to Ca2+-binding EF-hands. In this family, the archetypal Ca2+ …

The Arabidopsis thaliana metal tolerance protein 1 (MTP1) of the cation diffusion facilitator
family of membrane transport proteins can mediate the detoxification of Zn in Arabidopsis …

The selective movement of ions between intracellular compartments is fundamental for
eukaryotes. Arabidopsis thaliana Na+/H+ exchanger 1 (AtNHX1), the most abundant …