Microglia are seen as the sentries in the CNS who provide a first line of defense whenever
there is injury or disease. Microglia and related perivascular macrophages perform various …

The central nervous system (CNS) is traditionally viewed as an immune privileged site in
which overzealous immune cells are prevented from doing irreparable damage. It was …

Microglia are the immune cells of the brain. Here we show a massive infiltration of highly
ramified and elongated microglia within the core of amyloid plaques in transgenic mouse …

Inflammatory diseases of the CNS, such as MS and its animal model EAE, are characterized
by infiltration of activated lymphocytes and phagocytes into the CNS. Within the CNS …

Physical activity upregulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), improves
endothelium function, and protects from vascular disease. Here, we tested whether voluntary …

Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is a lysosomal storage disease caused by deficiency
of the enzyme arylsulfatase A (ARSA). MLD is characterized by progressive demyelination …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) results from an aberrant, neuroantigen-specific, T cell-mediated
autoimmune response. Because MS prevalence and severity decrease sharply with …

Activation of transcription factor NF-κB in the central nervous system (CNS) has been linked
to autoimmune demyelinating disease; however, it remains unclear whether its function is …

Although drainage pathways of soluble antigens from brain to cervical lymph nodes have
been well established, there is no direct evidence for similar routes of leukocytes leaving the …

Previous studies have demonstrated a potential role of brain endogenous microglia and
meningeal macrophages in inflammation and brain injury during bacterial meningitis …