The environmental risk of chemicals is routinely assessed by comparing predicted exposure
levels to predicted no-effect levels for ecosystems. Although process-based models are …

Resource managers have traditionally had to rely on simple hydrological and habitat‐
association methods to predict how changes in river flow regimes will affect the viability of …

Inadequate supply of one or more mineral elements can slow the growth of animal
consumers and alter their physiology, life history and behaviour. A key concept for …

The majority of higher organisms in the marine environment display indeterminate growth;
that is, they continue to grow throughout their life, limited by an asymptotic size. We derive …

Theories of dynamic energy budgets (DEB) link physiological processes of individual
organisms, such as ingestion, assimilation, respiration, growth and reproduction, in a single …

Dynamic energy budgets are used for the description of the energy flow through individual
organisms from the assimilation of food to the utilisation for maintenance, growth …

It has long been recognized that the patterns of growth play an important role in the
evolution of age trajectories of fertility and mortality (Williams, 1957). Life history studies …

Sedimentation and high turbidity have long been considered a major threat to corals,
causing world-wide concern for the health of coral reefs in coastal environments. While …

Bioaccumulation of metal within an organism results from interactions between physiological
factors (growth, weight loss, absorption and accumulation), chemical factors (metal …

The study of adaptation in Neanderthals is confounded by equifinality–the existence of
multiple adaptive pathways to the same morphological end state–manifest as an inability to …