Over the past 200 years emissions of toxic heavy metals have risen tremendously and
significantly exceed those from natural sources for practically all metals. Uptake and …

Proper metal transport and homeostasis are critical for the growth and development of
plants. In order to potentially fortify plants pre-harvest with essential metals in aid of human …

The availability of potassium to the plant is highly variable, due to complex soil dynamics,
which are strongly influenced by root–soil interactions. A low plant potassium status triggers …

Compared to other organisms, plants have expanded families of transporters that are
involved in the uptake and efflux of metals. Fortunately, in many cases, the examination of …

The metal hyperaccumulator Arabidopsis halleri exhibits naturally selected zinc (Zn) and
cadmium (Cd) hypertolerance and accumulates extraordinarily high Zn concentrations in its …

Uptake and translocation of cations play essential roles in plant nutrition, signal
transduction, growth, and development. Among them, potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+) …

Nutrient sensing is critical for plant adaptation to the environment. Because of extensive
farming and erosion, low content of mineral nutrients such as potassium (K+) in soils …

All living cells have an absolute requirement for K+, which must be taken up from the
external medium. In contrast to marine organisms, which live in a medium with an …

Root system formation proceeds in close coordination with shoot growth. Accordingly, root
growth and its functions are regulated tightly by the shoot through materials cycling between …

The Arabidopsis thaliana genome contains 20 cyclic nucleotide gated channel (CNGC)
genes encoding putative non-selective ion channels. Classical and reverse genetic …