Accelerated cardiovascular disease is a frequent complication of renal disease. Chronic
kidney disease promotes hypertension and dyslipidemia, which in turn can contribute to the …

Vascular calcification is an active, cell‐mediated process that results from an imbalance
between the promoters and inhibitors of mineralization. The process of vascular calcification …

Background and objectives: Vascular calcification is increasingly recognized as an
important component of cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease. The objective of …

Patients with osteoporosis frequently suffer from vascular calcification, which was shown to
predict both cardiovascular morbidity/mortality and osteoporotic fractures. Various common …

Engaging in regular physical activity reduces the risk of developing CVD (cardiovascular
disease), but it is not certain to what degree this may be due to the anti-inflammatory effects …

Calcifying atherosclerosis is an active process, which is controlled by calcification inhibitors
and inducers. Fetuin-A, an acute phase glycoprotein, is one of the more powerful circulating …

Background—Fetuin-A is a multifunctional hepatic secretory protein that inhibits dystrophic
vascular and valvular calcification. Lower serum fetuin-A concentrations are associated with …

Coronary calcification is a potent predictor of cardiac events. In patients with chronic renal
disease, both prevalence and intensity of coronary calcification are increased. It has …

Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the commonest cause of mortality in patients with chronic
kidney disease (CKD). Vascular calcification (VC), induced by calcium and phosphate …

The concentration of mineral solutes in mammalian blood is considerably higher than that
predicted by their solubility product. The plasma protein fetuin-A inhibits calcium phosphate …