The master clock located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the anterior hypothalamus
regulates circadian rhythms in mammals. The clock is an intracellular, transcriptional …

Circadian rhythms are genetically determined biological rhythms that are considered an
important adaptive mechanism to the cyclical light/dark alterations in the Earth environment …

Circadian rhythms are endogenous oscillations of physiological and behavioral phenomena
with period length of∼ 24 hr. A mutation in human Period 2 (hPER2), a gene crucial for …

In mammals, an internal timekeeping mechanism located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei
(SCN) orchestrates a diverse array of neuroendocrine and physiological parameters to …

It is well established that stress is a risk factor for onset of mood disorders. Emerging
evidence suggests that genetic vulnerability may also moderate individual responsiveness …

Background & Aims: The gastrointestinal tract exhibits diurnal rhythms in many physiologic
functions. These rhythms are driven by food intake but are also preserved during food …

Circadian rhythmicity is a fundamental characteristic of organisms, which helps ensure that
vital functions occur in an appropriate and precise temporal sequence and in accordance …

The discovery in the human ocular ciliary body of glaucoma-associated genes (ie, MYOC,
CYP1B1), neuroendocrine processing enzymes, neuroendocrine peptides, steroid …

Living organisms have adapted to the daily rotation of the earth and regular changes in the
light environment. Life forms anticipate environmental transitions, adapt their own …

The digestive system is a major port of entry for pathogens. To detect and combat
pathogens, the innate immunity in the gut utilizes pattern recognition receptors, such as Toll …