Inflammation participates importantly in host defenses against infectious agents and injury,
but it also contributes to the pathophysiology of many chronic diseases. Interactions of cells …

The mechanisms by which the recognition of Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands leads to host
immunity remain poorly defined. It is now thought that to induce an effective immune …

Central to innate immunity is the sensing of pathogen-associated molecular patterns by
cytosolic and membrane-associated receptors,,,. In particular, DNA is a potent activator of …

To identify new components that regulate the inflammatory cascade during sepsis, we
characterized the functions of myeloid-related protein-8 (Mrp8, S100A8) and myeloid-related …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) induce a multi-component inflammatory response that must be
tightly regulated to avoid tissue damage. Most known regulatory mechanisms target TLR …

We report here that miR-155 and miR-125b play a role in innate immune response. LPS
stimulation of mouse Raw 264.7 macrophages resulted in the up-regulation of miR-155 and …

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are characterized by decreased insulin sensitivity, elevated
concentrations of free fatty acids (FFAs), and increased macrophage infiltration in adipose …

Autophagy has recently been shown to be an important component of the innate immune
response. The signaling pathways leading to activation of autophagy in innate immunity are …

Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is an orange-yellow component of turmeric (Curcuma longa),
a spice often found in curry powder. Traditionally known for its an antiinflammatory effects …

Non-cellulosic β-glucans are now recognized as potent immunological activators, and some
are used clinically in China and Japan. These β-glucans consist of a backbone of glucose …