The tetraspanin transmembrane proteins have emerged as key players in malignancy, the
immune system, during fertilization and infectious disease processes. Tetraspanins engage …

Virions are thought to contain all the essential proteins that govern virus egress from the host
cell and initiation of replication in the target cell. It has been known for some time that …

Background Infectious entry of human papillomaviruses into their host cells is an important
step in the viral life cycle. For cell binding these viruses use proteoglycans as initial …

Abstract VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, receptors for leukocyte integrins, are recruited to cell–cell
contact sites on the apical membrane of activated endothelial cells. In this study, we show …

A detailed phylogenetic analysis of tetraspanins from 10 fully sequenced metazoan
genomes and several fungal and protist genomes gives insight into their evolutionary origins …

Accumulating evidence indicates that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)
acquires various cellular membrane proteins in the lipid bilayer of the viral envelope …

We have discovered that an N‐terminal deletion mutant of a membrane protein,
CD63,(CD63ΔN) blocks entry of CXCR4‐using, T‐cell tropic human immunodeficiency virus …

The Moloney murine leukemia virus (MMLV) belongs to the Retroviridae family of enveloped
viruses, which is known to acquire minute amounts of host cellular proteins both on the …

The fusion of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to host cells is a dynamic
process governed by the interaction between glycoproteins on the viral envelope and the …

During the assembly of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) particles, the
tetraspanin CD63 can be incorporated into the viral membrane. Indeed, cell surface …