Context.—The variety of morphologic patterns of different entities of the genitourinary tract
can present a diagnostic dilemma for the pathologist. This is especially true in cases of …

Cancer is a heritable disorder of somatic cells: environment and heredity are both important
in the carcinogenic process. The primal force is the “two hits” of Knudson's hypothesis, which …

Collecting duct carcinoma is a highly aggressive renal epithelial malignancy, although it
accounts for less than 1% of the incidence of renal epithelial neoplasms. Differential …

Aims: Selection of the relevant combination from a growing list of candidate
immunohistochemical biomarkers constitutes a real challenge. The aim was to establish the …

Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) can display extensive areas of solid and non‐
papillary architecture and extensive areas with oncocytic cytoplasm. Eleven oncocytic renal …

Malignant renal tumors constitute 3% of human cancers, although their frequency differs
greatly in various areas. Since the fifties, the incidence of renal cancers has been …

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common form of kidney cancer in adults. RCC is a
significant challenge for pathologic diagnosis and clinical management. The primary …

Claudins, a family of tight junction-related transmembrane proteins, have been implicated in
the pathogenesis of various human neoplasms. Expression of claudin-7 was increased in …

The aim of the study was to investigate differences in microvessels between renal tumors.
The material consisted of 97 clear cell carcinomas (CCRCC), 20 papillary carcinomas …

Aims: To investigate the reactivity for oestrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR) in
renal oncocytoma (RO) and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (CHRCC). Materials and …