Cnidae are secreted by the Golgi apparatus of all cnidarians and only cnidarians. Of the
three categories of cnidae (also called cnidocysts), nematocysts occur in all cnidarians, and …

Cnidarians are widely regarded as one of the first organisms in animal evolution possessing
a nervous system. Conventional histological and electrophysiological studies have revealed …

New perspectives on the origin of neurogenesis emerged with the identification of genes
encoding post-synaptic proteins as well as many “neurogenic” regulators as the NK, Six …

The sequencing of the starlet sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis) genome provides
opportunities to investigate the function and evolution of genes associated with chemical …

With representatives of more than 10,000 species from diverse clades scattered throughout
the world's oceans, Cnidaria is a moderately diverse phylum of Metazoa. As such, various …

Cnidarians are the largest phylum of generally toxic animals, yet their toxins and venoms
have not received as much scientific attention as those of many terrestrial (snakes …

Background The early evolution and diversification of Hox-related genes in eumetazoans
has been the subject of conflicting hypotheses concerning the evolutionary conservation of …

The decline in morphological phylogenies has become a pronounced trend in contemporary
systematics due to a disregard for theoretical, methodological, conceptual, and …

NEW ZEALAND INVENTORY OF BIODIVERSITY the Anthozoa (eg corals, anemones) have
only the polyp phase, whereas many Scyphozoa (jellyfish) and hydrozoa (hydroids) have …

The HAP2/GCS1 gene first appeared in the common ancestor of plants, animals, and
protists, and is required in the male gamete for fusion to the female gamete in the unicellular …