CD4+ T cells, upon activation and expansion, develop into different T helper cell subsets
with different cytokine profiles and distinct effector functions. Until recently, T cells were …

Type 17 helper T cells (Th17)—a third class of T cells—and their major cytokine, interleukin-
17, are essential for the defense against certain fungi, extracellular bacteria, and …

Abnormal production of inflammatory mediators is believed to play an important role in the
pathogenesis of psoriasis. Emerging data, both in mice and in humans, put the spotlight on a …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease that, despite the
advances in immunosuppressive medical therapies, remains potentially fatal in some …

In the pathogenesis of bone destruction associated with rheumatoid arthritis, the synovium is
a site of active interplay between immune and bone cells. The interaction between T cells …

Background Since some patients with psoriatic arthritis do not respond to typical drug
treatments, alternatives are needed. Findings suggest that interleukins 12 and 23 might …

The mammalian immune system is intricately regulated, allowing for potent pathogen‐
specific immunity to be rapidly activated in response to infection with a broad and diverse …

Chronic inflammatory diseases of almost any cause are associated with bone loss. Bone
loss is due to direct effects of inflammation, poor nutrition, reduced lean body mass …

Psoriasis is a common chronic skin disease with a largely unknown pathogenesis. We
demonstrate here that transgenic over-expression of interleukin (IL)-22 in mice resulted in …

The emerging role of interleukin (IL)-17 as a hallmark proinflammatory cytokine of the
adaptive immune system, produced primarily by a new T helper cell subset termed 'Th17' …