The progression of tuberculosis from a latent, subclinical infection to active disease that
culminates in the transmission of infectious bacilli is determined locally at the level of the …

The capsule of the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans has been studied extensively
in recent decades and a large body of information is now available to the scientific …

All humans are continuously exposed to inhaled Aspergillus conidia, yet healthy hosts clear
the organism without developing disease and without the development of antibody-or cell …

Extensive work illustrating the importance of cellular immune mechanisms for protection
against Mycobacterium tuberculosis has largely relegated B‐cell biology to an afterthought …

Fatal amphibian chytridiomycosis has typically been associated with the direct costs of
infection. However the relationship between exposure to the pathogen, infection and …

The virulence factor concept has been a powerful engine in driving research and the
intellectual flow in the fields of microbial pathogenesis and infectious diseases. This review …

Urease, a major virulence factor for Cryptococcus neoformans, promotes lethal meningitis/
encephalitis in mice. The effect of urease within the lung, the primary site of most invasive …

Successful pulmonary clearance of the encapsulated yeast Cryptococcus neoformans
requires a T1 adaptive immune response. This response takes up to 3 weeks to fully …

Non-HIV immunocompromised hosts develop immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
when the sudden change in the dominant T helper responses to inflammation is not well …

Background Coral diseases are emerging as a serious threat to coral reefs worldwide. Of
nine coral infectious diseases, whose pathogens have been characterized, six are caused …