Smad proteins are intracellular molecules that mediate the canonical signaling cascade of
TGFβ superfamily growth factors. The TGFβ superfamily comprises two groups of growth …

Transforming growth factor‐beta (TGFβ) is a secreted cytokine, which intricately controls a
plethora of physiological and pathological processes during development and …

BMPs pattern the dorsal–ventral axis of vertebrate embryos. Smad1/5/8 transduces the BMP
signal, and receives phosphorylation inputs from both MAPK and GSK3. Phosphorylation of …

A key question in developmental biology is how growth factor signals are integrated to
generate pattern. In this study we investigated the integration of the Drosophila BMP and …

Bone morphogenic protein (BMP) signaling is essential for the coordinated assembly of the
synapse, but we know little about how BMP signaling is modulated in neurons. Our findings …

Retinal determination genes are sufficient to specify eyes in ectopic locations, raising the
question of how these master regulatory genes define an eye developmental field. Genetic …

In recent years, informatics studies have predicted several new ways in which the
transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling pathway can be post-translationally regulated …

Regulation of NFκB activity is central to many processes during development and disease.
Activation of NFκB family members depends on degradation of inhibitory IκB proteins. In …

The genetically amenable organism Drosophila melanogaster has been estimated to have
14,076 protein coding genes in the genome, according to the flybase release note R5. 13 …

Precise spatial and temporal control of Drosophila Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP)
signaling is achieved by a host of extracellular factors that modulate ligand distribution and …