Skeletal muscle uses calcium as a second messenger to respond and adapt to
environmental stimuli. Elevations in intracellular calcium levels activate calcineurin, a …

Our understanding of the molecular processes which regulate cardiac function has grown
immeasurably in recent years. Even with the advent of β-blockers, angiotensin inhibitors and …

Cardiac hypertrophy involves a remodeling process of the heart in response to diverse
pathological stimuli. Both calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells pathway and …

Rationale: Atrial and brain natriuretic peptides (ANP and BNP, respectively) exert
antihypertrophic effects in the heart via their common receptor, guanylyl cyclase (GC)-A …

The ACTN3 gene encodes for the α-actinin-3 protein, which has an important structural
function in the Z line of the sarcomere in fast muscle fibers. A premature stop codon (R577X) …

Rationale: We previously discovered the human 10T→ C (Trp4Arg) missense mutation in
exon 2 of the muscle LIM protein (MLP, CSRP3) gene. Objective: We sought to study the …

LIM domain proteins are important regulators in cell growth, cell fate determination, cell
differentiation, and remodeling of the cell cytoskeleton. LIM and cysteine-rich domains 1 …

In response to chronic hypertension, the heart compensates by hypertrophic growth, which
frequently progresses to heart failure. Although intracellular calcium (Ca2+) has a central …

Unaccustomed eccentric exercise damages skeletal muscle tissue, activating mechanisms
of recovery and remodeling that may be influenced by the female sex hormone 17β-estradiol …

PGC-1α is a transcriptional coactivator that controls energy homeostasis through regulation
of glucose and oxidative metabolism. Both PGC-1α expression and oxidative capacity are …