The realization that alterations in inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins are found in many
types of human cancer and are associated with chemoresistance, disease progression and …

Flow cytometric immunophenotyping is considered an indispensable tool for the diagnosis,
classification and monitoring of disease in monoclonal gammopathies. The clinical …

Purpose We investigated the effect on minimal residual disease, by qualitative and real-time
quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR), of a consolidation regimen that included …

Hypoxia is associated with increased metastatic potential and poor prognosis in solid
tumors. In this study, we demonstrated in the murine 5T33MM model that multiple myeloma …

Cytokines in the bone marrow of multiple myeloma patients activate Janus kinase
(JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathways in tumor …

Bmi-1 is a member of the Polycomb group family of proteins that function in the epigenetic
silencing of genes governing self-renewal, differentiation, and proliferation. Bmi-1 was first …

Interaction of myeloma cells with the bone marrow microenvironment is mediated in large
part through different cytokines, especially VEGF and IL6. These cytokines, especially IL6 …

Myeloma is associated with suppression of osteoblastogenesis, consequentially resulting in
increased osteoclast activity and induction of typical osteolytic bone disease. The molecular …

Overexpression of the low molecular–weight isoforms (LMW-E) of cyclin E induces
chromosome instability; however, the degree to which these tumor-specific forms cause …

CD138 (Syndecan 1) is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan that concentrates heparan sulfate-
binding growth factors on the surface of normal and malignant plasma cells (multiple …