The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an intracellular kinase that regulates cell
growth and metabolism. Its specific inhibitor rapamycin is currently used in transplant …

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Migration to intestinal mucosa putatively depends on local activation because
gastrointestinal lymphoid tissue induces expression of intestinal homing molecules …

Human natural killer (NK) cells comprise 2 main subsets, CD56bright and CD56dim cells,
that differ in function, phenotype, and tissue localization. To further dissect the heterogeneity …

Repetitive antigen stimulation by prime-boost vaccination or pathogen reencounter
increases memory CD8+ T cell numbers, but the impact on memory CD8+ T cell …

Immunity to Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) malaria is only acquired after years of repeated
infections and wanes rapidly without ongoing parasite exposure. Antibodies are central to …

Antigen-specific proliferation is a critical function of memory T cells that is often utilised to
measure vaccine immunogenicity and T cell function. We proposed that measurement of …

CD8+ T cells play a critical role in the immune response to viral pathogens. Persistent
human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection results in a strong increase in the number of virus …

Radiation-attenuated Plasmodium sporozoites (RAS) are the only vaccine shown to induce
sterilizing protection against malaria in both humans and rodents. Importantly, these “whole …

Severe primary respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections are characterized by bronchiolitis
accompanied by wheezing. Controversy exists as to whether infants suffer from virus …