The mammalian ionotropic glutamate receptor family encodes 18 gene products that
coassemble to form ligand-gated ion channels containing an agonist recognition site, a …

This review focuses on mechanisms and emerging concepts that drive the science of stroke
in a therapeutic direction. Once considered exclusively a disorder of blood vessels, growing …

First introduced in the 1980s, laser speckle contrast imaging is a powerful tool for full-field
imaging of blood flow. Recently laser speckle contrast imaging has gained increased …

The initial reports regarding a cytotoxic role of calcium ions were published over 30 years
ago. In neurons, calcium ions can gain entry into the cell through several mechanisms …

Ischemic stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Only one moderately
effective therapy exists, albeit with contraindications that exclude 90% of the patients. This …

Neuroinflammation is a key element in the ischemic cascade after cerebral ischemia that
results in cell damage and death in the subacute phase. However, anti-inflammatory drugs …

Inflammatory response represents one of the first immune processes following injury. It is
characterized by the production of various molecules that initiate the recruitment of immune …

Objective: Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase (UCH-L1), also called neuronal-specific protein
gene product (PGP 9.3), is highly abundant in neurons. To assess the reliability of UCH-L1 …

Epidemiological literatures show an association between air pollution and ischemic stroke,
and effective pollutants may include SO2, NOx, O3, CO, and particulates. However, existing …

Microglia are resident CNS immune cells that are active sensors in healthy brain and
versatile effectors under pathological conditions. Cerebral ischemia induces a robust …