Today, LASERS are widely used in biology and medicine, and the majority of health centers
and hospitals utilize modern laser systems for diagnosis and therapy applications …

Fiber based functional near infra-red (fNIR) spectroscopy has been considered as a cost
effective imaging modality. To achieve a better spatial resolution and greater accuracy in …

This introductory chapter summarizes current neuromonitoring techniques available for use
with critically ill neonates. The chapter also highlights the need for a non-invasive bedside …

While originally utilized primarily in prokaryotic organisms, reporter systems such as green
fluorescent protein (GFP) and its variants, substrate dependent luciferase systems such as …

We describe a high-speed camera system for frequency domain imaging suitable for
applications such as in vivo diffuse optical imaging and fluorescence lifetime imaging. 14-bit …

This work presents the integrated CMOS optical sensor for frequency-domain near-infrared
spectroscopy (NIRS), which is rapidly advancing as a cost-effective and efficacious tool for …

A frequency resolved method for determination of optical path lengths in scattering media
has been implemented. In the method, scattering-induced phase shifts in amplitude …

Since its characterization, the definitive shortcoming of the bacterial luciferase (lux)
bioluminescent reporter system has been its inability to express at a functional level in the …

We present and develop an approach using optical interference and heterodyne technology
to investigate the light migration in highly scattering media. The theoretical model is based …

New techniques for biological optical imaging are of great interest for the detection and
visualization of processes and disease in both clinical and research areas. One major …