Type 2 diabetes is now a pandemic and shows no signs of abatement. In this Seminar we
review the pathophysiology of this disorder, with particular attention to epidemiology …

The discovery of the genetic basis for circadian rhythms has expanded our knowledge of the
temporal organization of behavior and physiology. The observations that the circadian gene …

The let-7 tumor suppressor microRNAs are known for their regulation of oncogenes, while
the RNA-binding proteins Lin28a/b promote malignancy by inhibiting let-7 biogenesis. We …

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) clusters in families, but the only known common
genetic variants influencing risk are near PNPLA3. We sought to identify additional genetic …

Acetylation is increasingly recognized as an important metabolic regulatory posttranslational
protein modification, yet the metabolic consequence of mitochondrial protein …

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many risk loci for complex
diseases, but effect sizes are typically small and information on the underlying biological …

Complex disease genetics has been revolutionised in recent years by the advent of genome-
wide association (GWA) studies. The chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), Crohn's …

Concentrations of liver enzymes in plasma are widely used as indicators of liver disease. We
carried out a genome-wide association study in 61,089 individuals, identifying 42 loci …

In pancreatic β-cells, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an important cellular compartment
for insulin biosynthesis, which accounts for half of the total protein production in these cells …

Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can derive from diet or from α-linolenic
acid (ALA) by elongation and desaturation. We investigated the association of common …