Over the past decade, scientists, healthcare providers, the public, and policy makers have
made substantial efforts to improve understanding of the sex/gender* differences in …

Female mammals have long been neglected in biomedical research. The NIH mandated
enrollment of women in human clinical trials in 1993, but no similar initiatives exist to foster …

ESC Guidelines 3002 recommendations. To implement the guidelines, condensed pocket
guidelines versions, summary slides, booklets with essential messages, and an electronic …

Summary Each year, the American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and other government …

Background—There is no angiographically demonstrable obstructive coronary artery
disease (CAD) in a significant minority of patients with myocardial infarction, particularly …

A recent report of the EuroHeart project has shown that women are still underrepresented in
many cardiovascular clinical trials, while important gender differences are present within …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women, and knowledge of
the clinical consequences of atherosclerosis and CVD in women has grown tremendously …

BACKGROUND: Historically, women with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) have
had a higher mortality compared with men. It is unclear if these differences persist among …

Women who present with coronary artery disease have different characteristics, undergo
different treatment, and have a different prognosis than men. The increasing use of coronary …

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a leading cause of morbidity in the United States and
worldwide. In women, it is the leading cause of death in all age groups except young women …