Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by a persistent airflow
limitation that is usually progressive and associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory …

The traffic of the different types of immune cells is an important aspect in the immune
response. Chemokines are soluble peptides that are able to attract cells by interaction with …

Smoking-related lung diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide,
underscoring the need to understand their pathogenesis and develop new effective …

Rationale: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic
inflammation, alveolar destruction, and airway and vascular remodeling. However, the …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity
worldwide and is often complicated by the development of pulmonary hypertension (PHT) …

The human respiratory tract of individuals with normal lung function maintains a fine-tuned
balance, being asymptomatically colonised by the normal microbiota in the upper airways …

Over the past few decades, neutrophils and macrophages had co-occupied center stage as
the critical innate immune cells underlying the pathobiology of cigarette smoke-induced …

Rationale: COPD is a complex disease with heterogeneous manifestations. Attempts have
been made to define different phenotypes that could guide toward better disease …

The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-18 was originally discovered as an interferon-γ-
inducing factor in 1995. IL-18 is known to play an important role in Th1/Tc1 polarization and …

Rationale Antielastin autoimmunity has been hypothesised to drive disease progression in
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The proposed mechanism is currently …