[HTML][HTML] Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTOR cascade inhibitors: how mutations can result in therapy resistance and how to overcome resistance

JA McCubrey, LS Steelman, WH Chappell… - Oncotarget, 2012 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Abstract The Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTOR cascades are often activated by
genetic alterations in upstream signaling molecules such as receptor tyrosine kinases …

Akt: a double‐edged sword in cell proliferation and genome stability

N Xu, Y Lao, Y Zhang, DA Gillespie - Journal of oncology, 2012 - Wiley Online Library
The Akt family of serine/threonine protein kinases are key regulators of multiple aspects of
cell behaviour, including proliferation, survival, metabolism, and tumorigenesis. Growth …

Activation of Ras/PI3K/ERK pathway induces c-Myc stabilization to upregulate argininosuccinate synthetase, leading to arginine deiminase resistance in melanoma …

WB Tsai, I Aiba, Y Long, HK Lin, L Feun, N Savaraj… - Cancer research, 2012 - AACR
Melanomas and other cancers that do not express argininosuccinate synthetase (AS), the
rate-limiting enzyme for arginine biosynthesis, are sensitive to arginine depletion with …

Discovery and preclinical pharmacology of a selective ATP-competitive Akt inhibitor (GDC-0068) for the treatment of human tumors

JF Blake, R Xu, JR Bencsik, D Xiao… - Journal of medicinal …, 2012 - ACS Publications
The discovery and optimization of a series of 6, 7-dihydro-5 H-cyclopenta [d] pyrimidine
compounds that are ATP-competitive, selective inhibitors of protein kinase B/Akt is reported …

An ATP-site on-off switch that restricts phosphatase accessibility of Akt

K Lin, J Lin, WI Wu, J Ballard, BB Lee, SL Gloor… - Science …, 2012 - science.org
The protein serine-threonine kinase Akt undergoes a substantial conformational change
upon activation, which is induced by the phosphorylation of two critical regulatory residues …

Disruption of PH–kinase domain interactions leads to oncogenic activation of AKT in human cancers

C Parikh, V Janakiraman, WI Wu… - Proceedings of the …, 2012 - National Acad Sciences
The protein kinase v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (AKT), a key regulator of
cell survival and proliferation, is frequently hyperactivated in human cancers. Intramolecular …

Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of AZD8055 in advanced solid tumours and lymphoma

A Naing, C Aghajanian, E Raymond, D Olmos… - British journal of …, 2012 - nature.com
Background: This study assessed the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and
pharmacodynamics of the first-in-class dual mammalian target of rapamycin complex …

[HTML][HTML] Periostin activates integrin α5β1 through a PI3K/AKT‑dependent pathway in invasion of cholangiocarcinoma

K Utispan, J Sonongbua… - International …, 2012 - spandidos-publications.com
Periostin (PN) is mainly produced from stromal fibroblasts in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) and
shows strong impact in cancer promotion. This work aimed to investigate the mechanism …

PDGF enhances store-operated Ca2+ entry by upregulating STIM1/Orai1 via activation of Akt/mTOR in human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells

A Ogawa, AL Firth, KA Smith… - American Journal of …, 2012 - journals.physiology.org
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and its receptor are known to be substantially
elevated in lung tissues and pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC) isolated from …

Combined targeting of AKT and mTOR synergistically inhibits proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells

N Grabinski, F Ewald, BT Hofmann, K Staufer… - Molecular cancer, 2012 - Springer
Background Due to the frequent dysregulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway,
mTOR represents a suitable therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However …