Rats have long been recognized as a valuable biomedical research model, notably in the
investigation of aging, toxicology, addiction, and common human diseases such as diabetes …

Acupuncture (AP) is currently used worldwide to relieve pain. However, little is known about
its mechanisms of action. We found that after spinal cord injury (SCI), AP inhibited the …

The acetic acid and phenyl-p-benzoquinone are easy and fast screening models to access
the activity of novel candidates as analgesic drugs and their mechanisms. These models …

Among receptors mediating serotonin actions in pain control, the 5-HT7R is of special
interest because it is expressed by primary afferent fibers and intrinsic GABAergic and …

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Spinal reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critically
involved in chronic pain. d‐Amino acid oxidase (DAAO) oxidizes d‐amino acids such as d …

Skeletal muscle is a well-known source of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF),
which can produce mechanical hyperalgesia. Since some neuromuscular diseases are …

Background: Minocycline prevents the development of neuropathic and inflammatory pain
by inhibiting microglial activation and postsynaptic currents. But, how minocycline obviates …

Emerging evidence suggests that the suppressive modulators released from nociceptive
afferent neurons contribute to pain regulation. However, the suppressive modulators …

A series of experiments using technologies of gene mutation and silencing as well as
chemical biology have demonstrated that spinal d-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) contributes to …

Background: Ethyl pyruvate (EP) possesses anti-inflammatory activity. However, the
potential anti-nociceptive value of EP for the treatment of the inflammatory nociception is …