Astrocytes are no longer seen as a homogenous population of cells. In fact, recent studies
indicate that astrocytes are morphologically and functionally diverse and play critical roles in …

Astrocytes participate in all essential CNS functions, including blood flow regulation, energy
metabolism, ion and water homeostasis, immune defence, neurotransmission, and adult …

Brain circuits process information through specialized neuronal subclasses interacting
within a network. Revealing their interplay requires activating specific cells while monitoring …

Reactive astrogliosis is a pathologic hallmark of spinal cord injury (SCI). It is characterised
by profound morphological, molecular, and functional changes in astrocytes that occur …

Intercellular calcium (Ca2+) waves (ICWs) represent the propagation of increases in
intracellular Ca2+ through a syncytium of cells and appear to be a fundamental mechanism …

Calcium signaling represents the principle pathway by which astrocytes respond to neuronal
activity. General anesthetics are routinely used in clinical practice to induce a sleep-like …

The neuronal doctrine, developed a century ago regards neuronal networks as the sole
substrate of higher brain function. Recent advances in glial physiology have promoted an …

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) based on blood oxygen level–dependent
(BOLD) contrast is widely used for probing brain activity, but its relationship to underlying …

In the last years, the classical view of glial cells (in particular of astrocytes) as a simple
supportive cell for neurons has been replaced by a new vision in which glial cells are active …

Diseases of the human brain are almost universally attributed to malfunction or loss of nerve
cells. However, a considerable amount of work has, during the last decade, expanded our …