Increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the activated unfolded protein response
(UPR) signaling associated with it play key roles in physiological processes as well as under …

Fatty acids are of paramount importance to all cells, since they provide energy, function as
signaling molecules, and sustain structural integrity of cellular membranes. In the nervous …

Experimental lipotoxicity constitutes a model for β-cell demise induced by metabolic stress in
obesity and type 2 diabetes. Fatty acid excess induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress …

This review highlights recent advances in the hormonal control of hypothalamic AMPK
activity and the impact on appetite and energy metabolism. AMPK is an intracellular energy …

Hypothalamic controls of energy balance rely on the detection of circulating nutrients such
as glucose and long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) by the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) …

We studied the protective effect of stromal cell-derived factor-1β (SDF-1β) on cardiac cells
from lipotoxicity in vitro and diabetes in vivo. Exposure of cardiac cells to palmitate increased …

Activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) is associated with the disruption of
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of …

Mammalian AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) acts as a metabolite-sensing protein
kinase in multiple tissues. Recent studies have shown that AMPK activation also regulates …

Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) induces neurogenesis, reduces feeding, and induces
weight loss. However, the central mechanisms by which CNTF acts are vague. We …

Abstract The Carnitine Palmitoyl Transferase (CPT) system comprises several metabolically
important enzymes of the carnitine/choline acyl transferase family. CPTs are transferases …