HIV-1 genetic variability within individuals and populations plays a central role in the HIV
pandemic. Multiple zoonotic transmissions of SIV to humans have resulted in distinct HIV …

Established infections with the human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV,
respectively) are thought to be permanent with even the most effective immune responses …

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene products control the repertoire of T cell
responses that an individual may create against pathogens and foreign tissues. This text will …

Introduction CD8+ T cell responses focus on a small fraction of total pathogen-encoded
peptides, which are similar among individuals with shared major histocompatibility complex …

The capacity of the immune system to adapt to rapidly evolving viruses is a primary feature
of effective immunity, yet its molecular basis is unclear. Here, we investigated protective HIV …

Influenza A virus causes annual epidemics and sporadic pandemics, resulting in significant
morbidity and mortality worldwide. Vaccines are currently available; however, they induce a …

The adaptive immune response plays a central role in the outcome of hepatitis C virus
(HCV) infection. Indeed, spontaneous viral clearance is associated with an early neutralizing …

Human genetic studies are rarely conducted for immunological purposes. Instead, they are
typically driven by medical and evolutionary goals, such as understanding the predisposition …

CD8+ T cells (TCD8) confer protective immunity against many infectious diseases,
suggesting that microbial TCD8 determinants are promising vaccine targets. Nevertheless …

Prime-boost immunization with heterologous vaccines elicits potent cellular immunity. In this
study, we assessed the influence of various TLR ligands on SIV Gag–specific T cell …