Medical research continues to progress in its ability to identify treatments and characteristics
associated with benefits and adverse outcomes. The principal engine for the evaluation of …

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a growing clinical problem and public health threat.
Antibiotic use is a known risk factor for the emergence of antibiotic resistance, but …

Background Nonexperimental studies are increasingly used to investigate the safety and
effectiveness of medical products as they are used in routine care. One of the primary …

Banish your fears of statistical analysis using this clearly written and highly successful
textbook. Statistics for Veterinary and Animal Science Third Edition is an introductory text …

Background: Nonrandomized pharmacoepidemiology generally compares one medication
with another. For many conditions, clinicians can benefit from comparing the safety and …

When a randomized controlled trial is not feasible, investigators typically turn to matching
techniques as an alternative approach to evaluate the effectiveness of health care …

Objectives To investigate whether the use and timing of prescription of β blockers in patients
with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) having a first myocardial infarction was …

The popularity of matching techniques has increased considerably during the last decades.
They are mainly used for matching treatment and control units to estimate causal treatment …

Introduction The prognostic impact of acute kidney injury (AKI) on long-term clinical
outcomes remains controversial. We examined the five-year risk of death, myocardial …

Purpose It is often preferable to simplify the estimation of treatment effects on multiple
outcomes by using a single propensity score (PS) model. Variable selection in PS models …