Low bone mass and strength lead to fragility fractures, for example, in elderly individuals
affected by osteoporosis or children with osteogenesis imperfecta. A decade ago, rare …

More than 90% of the compounds that enter clinical trials fail to demonstrate sufficient safety
and efficacy to gain regulatory approval. Most of this failure is due to the limited predictive …

Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) has become a popular method
for discovering genetic risk variants. Here, we overview both widely applied and newer …

The composition of a bone can be described in terms of the mineral phase, hydroxyapatite,
the organic phase, which consists of collagen type I, noncollagenous proteins, other …

Refractive error is the most common eye disorder worldwide and is a prominent cause of
blindness. Myopia affects over 30% of Western populations and up to 80% of Asians. The …

Abstract The Rotterdam Study is a prospective cohort study ongoing since 1990 in the city of
Rotterdam in The Netherlands. The study targets cardiovascular, endocrine, hepatic …

Because metabolites are hypothesized to play key roles as markers and effectors of
cardiometabolic diseases, recent studies have sought to annotate the genetic determinants …

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is the most common bone disease, associated with low bone
mineral density (BMD) and pathological fractures which lead to significant morbidity. It is …

We report that hypofunctional alleles of WNT1 cause autosomal-recessive osteogenesis
imperfecta, a congenital disorder characterized by reduced bone mass and recurrent …

Low bone mineral density (BMD) is used as a parameter of osteoporosis. Genome-wide
association studies of BMD have hitherto focused on BMD as a quantitative trait, yielding …