Retinal bipolar cells are the first'projection neurons' of the vertebrate visual system—all of
the information needed for vision is relayed by this intraretinal connection. Each of the at …

In the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), the inhibitory strength of chloride (Cl−)-
permeable GABAA and glycine receptors (GABAAR and GlyR) depends on the intracellular …

The gate control theory proposes the importance of both pre-and post-synaptic inhibition in
processing pain signal in the spinal cord. However, although postsynaptic disinhibition …

Chloride homeostasis has a pivotal role in controlling neuronal excitability in the adult brain
and during development. The intracellular concentration of chloride is regulated by the …

In the mammalian retina, glutamate uptake is mediated by members of a family of glutamate
transporters known as" excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs)." Here we cloned and …

It is now a well‐accepted view that cation‐driven Cl− transporters in neurons are involved in
determining the intracellular Cl− concentration. In the present review, we propose that …

Controlling neurotransmitter release by modulating the presynaptic calcium level is a key
mechanism to ensure reliable signal transmission from one neuron to the next. In this study …

De Valois and De Valois [Vis. Res. 33, 1053 (1993)] showed that to explain hue
appearance, S-cone signals have to be combined with M versus L opponent signals in two …

Many cells possess a single, nonmotile, primary cilium highly enriched in receptors and
sensory transduction machinery that plays crucial roles in cellular morphogenesis. Although …

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