Biomass can be classified broadly as all the matter on the earth's surface of recent biological
origin. 1 Biomass includes plant materials such as trees, grasses, agricultural crops, algal …

Highlights•Homoacetogenesis, succinate formation, and reverse β oxidation pathways.•
Applications of these pathways to treat wastes in reactor microbiomes.•The use of electrodes …

Bacterial microcompartments (BMCs) are proteinaceous organelles involved in both
autotrophic and heterotrophic metabolism. All BMCs share homologous shell proteins but …

Methane-forming archaea are strictly anaerobic microbes and are essential for global
carbon fluxes since they perform the terminal step in breakdown of organic matter in the …

Chain elongation is an anaerobic fermentation that produces medium chain fatty acids
(MCFAs) from volatile fatty acids and ethanol. These MCFAs can be used as biochemical …

Bacterial microcompartments (MCPs) are sophisticated protein-based organelles used to
optimize metabolic pathways. They consist of metabolic enzymes encapsulated within a …

The current crop of antibiotics in clinical use are either natural products or their derivatives.
However, the rise of a multitude of different antibiotic resistant human pathogens has meant …

Clostridia are Gram-positive, anaerobic, endospore-forming bacteria, incapable of
dissimilatory sulfate reduction. Comprising approximately 180 species, the genus …

Background Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs)
are a diverse group of biologically active bacterial molecules. Due to the conserved genomic …

High productivity and specificity in anaerobic digesters arise because complex microbiomes
organize into a metabolic cascade to maximize energy recovery and to utilize the advantage …